High Polymer

The dielectric properties of a polymer refer to the property of a polymer to exhibit storage and loss of electrostatic energy under the action of an electric field, and are usually expressed by a dielectric constant and a dielectric loss.

Dielectricization

Most polymers are excellent electrical insulators with high electrical resistivity, low dielectric loss, high frequency resistance and high breakdown strength. However, under the action of an external electric field, the relative displacement of valence electrons or nuclei is caused more or less, resulting in redistribution of charge, called polarization. There are mainly the following polarizations: 

(1) electron polarization

(2) atomic polarization

(3) dipole polarization

The first two generated dipole moments are called induced dipole moments, and the latter are oriented polarizations of permanent dipole moments.

Dielectric loss

When the polymer is oriented and polarized in an alternating electric field, the medium itself is heated with energy consumption. This phenomenon is called the dielectric loss of the polymer.

The complex dielectric constant is commonly used to represent both the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss.